![]() ![]() AnglesĪngles are “L” shaped in section with equal- or unequal-length, tapered legs. Channels are not ordinarily applied as beams but the flat faces allow them to be bolted up to other flat faces. are common for bar sizes, with structural size usually available as 60 ft. The channel flanges have the same taper as standard beams – approximately a 16-2/3 % slope. They are available in the same shapes as full-size beams: “S” and “W.” The designation identifies the type, “ST,” followed by the nominal web depth in inches, followed by the shape, “I” or “WF.” ChannelsĬhannels have single webs flanked by upper and lower flanges, with the webs oriented off to the side and the flanges projecting perpendicularly to the webs, much like half a beam except the web is full thickness. Tees are steel beams cut longitudinally through their webs, resulting in a single full flange and a half-deep web. ![]() In construction, the girder is identified as the primary load-carrying member, with the beams loading to it. On a semantic note, while all girders are beams, not all beams are girders. Beams are typically available in lengths up to 60 ft. “S” and “W” shapes are typically hot-rolled as single pieces. They can be built-up from separate pieces. “H” beams are commonly driven into the soil to provide foundation piling. “H” beams will often have flanges and webs of equal thickness while the flanges of “S” and “W” beams are thicker than the webs. Standard beams have tapered flanges whereas wide-flange beams have parallel flanges. Most come in lightweight versions and some of the larger beams are available in several intermediate weights. Standard beams are specified by a letter callout, S, then the nominal web height in inches, then the per-foot weight in pounds. Structural steel beams and girders are available in three shapes: standard or “S” beams, wide flange or “W” beams, and pile or “H” beams. The principal types of structural steel shapes include: This article briefly discusses some of the popular steel shapes as well as the settings in which these shapes excel. Bar size is used to describe any shape whose major sectional dimension is under 3 inches. ![]() AISC specifies for both framed-beam and heavy framed-beam connections the appropriate number of rows of bolts or rivets based on several standard-diameter fasteners.Ī distinction is recognized between “bar-size” and “structural-size” shapes. Steel members are connected to one another through the use of bolted or riveted plates that attach to the beam webs or they may be welded directly to each other. Angles are identified by their leg lengths, which may be equal or unequal.ĪSTM A36 steel, with a yield strength of 36,000 psi, is the most common material for structural steel shapes although other materials are available for special circumstances including low-alloy, high-strength, and stainless steels. The web connects the two flanges, and in normal construction is oriented vertically to give the beam its high resistance to bending. The flange is identified as the flat portion which, in the case of a beam, would normally be situated at the top and the bottom of the beam. In discussing beams, tees, and channels, reference is made to flanges and webs. Forms of structural steel have long been standardized by AISI. ![]()
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